Lección: |
The
present participle of a verb is the -ing
form in English. |
to
walk -> walking |
to
drive -> driving |
to
swim -> swimming |
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|
This
verb form can stand alone modifying what is going on such
as:
|
Walking
by myself, ... |
|
Driving
fast, ... |
|
Swimming
ashore, ... |
In
these cases, the action is happening as a background for
more information that is about to be provided. |
|
You
can also use this form in English with the verb "to
be" in order to form the progressive tenses. |
someone
is walking |
someone
was driving |
someone
will be swimming |
|
In
each case, there is a different form of "to
be." That means, you use a conjugated form of
TO BE to make the progress
in the sentences work out. The participle form of the verb
never changes for anybody or for any timeframe. |
|
*To
form the present participle of verbs in Spanish: |
DROP |
ADD |
 AR |
ANDO |
 ER IR |
IENDO |
|
abandonar
-> abandonando |
absorber
-> absorbiendo |
aburrir
-> aburriendo |
| *
There are exceptions to this formation. |
|
| Note
that the majority of the verbs provided in this listing
are blue-dot (AR)
verbs. Even then, the majority of those are also regular
verbs. In order to test your skills, just try the irregular
verbs throughout this listing. The regular verbs will be
much too easy! When you can do these comfortably - you've
achieved your goal!
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|
Click on the various items
in the top row below to hear explanations: |
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español
|
stem
change |
yo
|
subj
stem |
¿pretérito? |
¿futuro? |
inglés
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abandonar |
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abandon- |
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to
abandon, leave, forsake, give up |
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abatir |
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abat- |
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to
overthrow, knock down, throw down |
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abolir |
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abol- |
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to
abolish |
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abrazar |
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abrac-
|
1st
z-c |
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to
hug, embrace, clasp, cling |
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abrir |
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abr- |
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to
open |
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absolver |
o-ue
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absuelv-
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to
absolve, acquit |
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absorber |
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absorb- |
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to
absorb |
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abstenerse |
e-ie
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-go
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absteng-
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abstuv-
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abstendr-
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to
abstain, refrain from, forbear |
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aburrir |
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aburr- |
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to
bore, be boring |
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abusar |
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abus- |
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to
abuse, misuse |
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acabar |
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acab- |
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to
complete, finish, end |
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acampar |
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acamp- |
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to
camp, go camping |
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acelerar |
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aceler- |
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to
accelerate, hasten, hurry, speed |
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aceptar |
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acept- |
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to
accept |
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acercar |
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acerqu-
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1st
c-qu |
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to
bring close, place close by, to approach |
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acertar |
e-ie
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aciert-
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to
hit the mark, hit upon, succeed, do right |
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aclamar |
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aclam- |
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to
acclaim, applaud, shout, hail |
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aclarar |
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aclar- |
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to
explain, clarify, make clear |
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acompañar |
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acompañ- |
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to
accompany, go along |
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aconsejar |
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aconsej- |
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to
counsel, advise |
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acordar |
o-ue
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acuerd-
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to
remember, resolve, decide, agree upon |
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acostar |
o-ue
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acuest-
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to
put to bed, lay down, stretch |
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acostumbrar |
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acostumbr- |
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to
be accustomed, be in the habit of |
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actualizar |
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actualic-
|
1st
z-c |
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to
realize, make happen, come to fruition |
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actuar |
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-úo
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actú-
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to
put into action, act |
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acuchillar |
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acuchill- |
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to
knife, cut, cut open, slash |
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acudir |
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acud- |
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to
attend, answer a call, come to rescue |
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acumular |
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acumul- |
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to
accumulate |
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acusar |
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acus- |
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to
accuse |
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adaptar |
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adapt- |
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to
adapt |
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adelantar |
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adelant- |
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to
advance, front, keep on, progress, go ahead |
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adivinar |
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adivin- |
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to
guess, divine, foretell |
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administrar |
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administr- |
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to
administer |
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admirar |
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admir- |
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to
admire |
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admitir |
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admit- |
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to
admit, grant, permit |
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adoptar |
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adopt- |
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to
adopt |
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adorar |
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ador- |
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to
adore, worship |
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adornar |
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adorn- |
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to
adorn, decorate |
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adquirir |
i-ie
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adquier-
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to
get, acquire, obtain |
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advertir |
e-ie
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adviert-
|
3rd
e -i |
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to
advise, give notice, give warning, warn |
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afectar |
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afect- |
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to
affect, feign, pretend |
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afeitar |
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afeit- |
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to
shave |
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afirmar |
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afirm- |
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to
affirm |
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afligir |
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-jo
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aflij-
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to
be afflicted |
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afluir |
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-yo
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afluy-
|
3rd
i -y |
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to
flow in, into, to, or towards; to congregate in |
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agachar |
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agach- |
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to
lower, bend down |
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agarrar |
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agarr- |
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to
grab, seize, grasp, get hold of |
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agitar |
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agit- |
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to
shake up, agitate, stir up, wave |
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agotar |
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agot- |
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to
use up, exhaust |
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agradecer |
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-zco
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agradezc-
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to
thank for, acknowledge |
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agrandar |
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agrand- |
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to
enlarge, grow larger, increase |
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agravar |
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agrav- |
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to
aggravate, make worse, burden |
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agraviar |
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agraví-
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to
offend, outrage, hurt, wrong, injure |
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agregar |
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agregu-
|
1st
g-gu |
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to
add, collect, aggregate, collate, gather |
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agriar |
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-ío
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agrí-
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to
sour, embitter, turn sour |
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agrupar |
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agrup- |
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to
group, form groups |
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aguantar |
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aguant- |
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to
endure, tolerate, put up with |
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aguardar |
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aguard- |
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to
expect, wait for |
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agujerear |
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agujere- |
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to
pierce, perforate, puncture, bore |
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ahogar |
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ahogu-
|
1st
g-gu |
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to
drown, choke, smother, stifle, suffocate |
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ahorrar |
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ahorr- |
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to
save (not waste) |
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aislar |
í
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aísl-
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to
isolate |
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alarmar |
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alarm- |
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to
alarm |
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alcanzar |
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alcanc-
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1st
z-c |
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to
reach, overtake, make it, suffice |
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aliar |
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-ío
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alí-
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to
ally, league, unite |
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alimentar |
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aliment- |
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to
feed, nourish, sustain |
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aliviar |
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alivi- |
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to
lighten, unburden, alleviate, relieve |
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almacenar |
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almacen- |
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to
store |
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almorzar |
o-ue
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almuerc-
|
1st
z-c |
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to
eat lunch |
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alojar |
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aloj- |
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to
lodge, house, quarter |
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alquilar |
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alquil- |
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to
rent, hire |
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alterar |
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alter- |
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to
alter, change, disturb, upset |
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alumbrar |
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alumbr- |
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to
illuminate, light, enlighten |
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alzar |
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alc-
|
1st
z-c |
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to
store, lift, raise, pick up, put up |
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amanecer |
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-zco
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amanezc-
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to
dawn, get light, wake up at dawn |
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amar |
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am- |
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to
love |
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amenazar |
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amenac-
|
1st
z-c |
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to
threaten, menace |
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amnistiar |
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-ío
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amnistí-
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to
amnesty |
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amplifiar |
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-ío
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amplifí-
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to
amplify, magnify, extend |
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amplificar |
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amplifiqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
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to
enlarge, amplify, magnify, extend |
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analizar |
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analic-
|
1st
z-c |
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to
analyze |
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andar |
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and- |
anduv-
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to
go, be about, be out and about |
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anochecer |
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-zco
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anochezc-
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to
become night, get dark, be somewhere by dark |
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anular |
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anul- |
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to
annul |
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anunciar |
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anunci- |
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to
announce, foretell, proclaim |
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añadir |
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añad- |
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to
join, augment, increase |
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apaciguar |
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apacigü-
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to
pacify |
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apagar |
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apagu-
|
1st
g-gu |
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to
turn off, turn out, extinguish |
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aparecer |
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-zco
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aparezc-
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to
show up, appear |
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apartar |
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apart- |
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to
separate, divide, part |
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apestar |
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apest- |
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to
corrupt, sicken, nauseate, plague |
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aplaudir |
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aplaud- |
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to
applaud |
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aplicar |
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apliqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
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to
apply |
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apoyar |
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apoy- |
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to
support, back, favor, lean on |
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apreciar |
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apreci- |
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to
appreciate, appraise, esteem |
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aprehender |
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aprehend- |
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to
apprehend |
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aprender |
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aprend- |
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to
learn |
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apretar |
e-ie
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apriet-
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to
tighten |
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aprobar |
o-ue
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aprueb-
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to
approve, pass a test |
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apurarse |
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apur- |
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to
grieve, worry, fret |
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argumentar |
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argument- |
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to
reason, dispute |
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armar |
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arm- |
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to
arm |
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arrancar |
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arranqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
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to
root up, pull up, pull away, tear off, snatch |
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arreglar |
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arregl- |
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to
arrange, set in order, settle, repair, adjust |
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arrestar |
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arrest- |
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to
arrest |
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arriar |
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-ío
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arrí-
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to
lower, strike (boat), to flood, be flooded |
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arrojar |
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arroj- |
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to
fling, throw, hurl |
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articular |
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articul- |
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to
articulate, pronounce clearly |
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asaltar |
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asalt- |
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to
assault, storm, assail |
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ascender |
e-ie
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asciend-
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to
ascend, promote |
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asegurar |
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asegur- |
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to
assure, affirm, insure, assert |
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asesinar |
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asesin- |
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to
assassinate, murder |
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asignar |
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asign- |
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to
assign, allot |
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asistir |
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asist- |
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to
attend (classes) |
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asociar |
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asoci- |
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to
associate |
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aspirar |
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aspir- |
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to
vacuum, inhale, breathe in, draw |
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asumir |
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asum- |
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to
assume |
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asustar |
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asust- |
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to
scare, frighten |
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atacar |
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ataqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
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to
attack |
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atender |
e-ie
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atiend-
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to
attend, pay attention, heed |
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atraer |
|
-igo
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atraig-
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atraj-
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to
attract |
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atrapar |
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atrap- |
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to
overtake, catch |
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atribuir |
|
-yo
|
atribuy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
attribute |
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atravesar |
e-ie
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atravies-
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to
go through, cross, run through |
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aumentar |
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aument- |
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to
augment, increase, magnify, gain weight |
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autorizar |
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autoric-
|
1st
z-c |
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to
authorize |
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avanzar |
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avanc-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
advance, go forward |
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avergonzar |
o-ue
|
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avergüenc-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
embarrass oneself, be ashamed |
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averiguar |
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averigü-
|
1st
gu-gü |
|
to
verify, inquire, ascertain, find out |
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ayudar |
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ayud- |
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to
help, assist, aid, succour |
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ayunar |
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ayun- |
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to
fast |
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bailar |
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bail- |
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to
dance |
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bajar |
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baj- |
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to
lower, go down |
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balancear |
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balance- |
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to
balance |
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bañar |
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bañ- |
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to
bathe, wash, rinse |
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basar |
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bas- |
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to
base |
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barrer |
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barr- |
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to
sweep |
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beber |
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beb- |
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to
drink, sip |
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beneficiar |
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benefici- |
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to
benefit |
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besar |
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bes- |
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to
kiss |
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bloquear |
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bloque- |
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to
block |
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borrar |
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borr- |
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to
erase |
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bostezar |
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bostec-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
yawn |
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brincar |
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brinqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
jump |
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brindar |
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brind- |
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to
toast, offer, present |
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buscar |
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busqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
look for, seek, search |
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cachear |
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cache- |
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to
search, frisk |
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caer |
|
-igo
|
caig-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
fall |
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calcular |
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calcul- |
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to
calculate |
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calentar |
e-ie
|
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calient-
|
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|
to
heat up, warm, warm up |
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calificar |
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califiqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
qualify, determine, rate |
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calmar |
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calm- |
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to
calm down, pacify |
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callar |
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call- |
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to
make quiet, shut-up |
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cambiar |
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cambi- |
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to
change |
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caminar |
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camin- |
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to
walk |
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cancelar |
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cancel- |
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to
cancel |
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cansarse |
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cans- |
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to
tire out, get tired, become weary |
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cantar |
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cant- |
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to
sing, chant |
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caracterizar |
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caracteric-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
characterize |
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carecer |
|
-zco
|
carezc-
|
|
|
to
lack, be without |
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cargar |
|
|
cargu-
|
1st
g-gu |
|
to
load, bear, carry |
|
|
|
cariar |
|
-ío
|
carí-
|
|
|
to
cause cavities, decay |
|
|
|
cariciar |
|
|
carici- |
|
|
to
caress, pet, fondle |
|
|
|
casarse |
|
|
cas- |
|
|
to
marry, get married, wed |
|
|
|
castigar |
|
|
castigu-
|
1st
g-gu |
|
to
chastise, punish, penalize |
|
|
|
causar |
|
|
caus- |
|
|
to
cause, bring about, create |
|
|
|
cauterizar |
|
|
cauteric-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
cauterize |
|
|
|
cazar |
|
|
cac-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
hunt |
|
|
|
celebrar |
|
|
celebr- |
|
|
to
celebrate |
|
|
|
cenar |
|
|
cen- |
|
|
to
eat dinner/supper |
|
|
|
cepillar |
|
|
cepill- |
|
|
to
brush |
|
|
|
cerrar |
e-ie
|
|
cierr-
|
|
|
to
close, shut |
|
|
|
circular |
|
|
circul- |
|
|
to
circulate |
|
|
|
circunvenir |
e-ie
|
-go
|
circunveng-
|
circunvin-
|
circunvendr-
|
to
circumvent |
|
|
|
citar |
|
|
circul- |
|
|
to
cite, quote |
|
|
|
clarificar |
|
|
clarifiqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
clarify, make clear |
|
|
|
clasificar |
|
|
clasifiqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
classify |
|
|
|
cocinar |
|
|
cocin- |
|
|
to
cook |
|
|
|
coger |
|
-jo
|
coj-
|
|
|
to
choose, catch |
|
|
|
colaborar |
|
|
colabor- |
|
|
to
collaborate |
|
|
|
colgar |
o-ue
|
|
cuelgu-
|
1st
g-gu |
|
to
hang |
|
|
|
colocar |
|
|
coloqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
place, put, lay, set |
|
|
|
colonizar |
|
|
colonic-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
colonize |
|
|
|
columpiar |
|
|
columpi- |
|
|
to
swing, sway, play on a swing-set |
|
|
|
combatir |
|
|
combat- |
|
|
to
fight, combat |
|
|
|
combinar |
|
|
combin- |
|
|
to
combine |
|
|
|
comentar |
|
|
coment- |
|
|
to
comment |
|
|
|
comenzar |
e-ie
|
|
comienc-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
commence, start, begin |
|
|
|
comer |
|
|
com- |
|
|
to
eat |
|
|
|
cometer |
|
|
comet- |
|
|
to
commit |
|
|
|
comparar |
|
|
compar- |
|
|
to
compare |
|
|
|
compeler |
|
|
compel- |
|
|
to
compel |
|
|
|
compensar |
|
|
compens- |
|
|
to
compensate |
|
|
|
competir |
e-i
|
|
compit-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
compete |
|
|
|
compilar |
|
|
compil- |
|
|
to
compile |
|
|
|
completar |
|
|
complet- |
|
|
to
complete |
|
|
|
complicar |
|
|
compliqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
complicate |
|
|
|
componer |
|
-go
|
compong-
|
compus-
|
compondr-
|
to
compose, fix, repair, comprise |
|
|
|
comprar |
|
|
compr- |
|
|
to
buy |
|
|
|
comprender |
|
|
comprend- |
|
|
to
comprehend, understand |
|
|
|
comunicar |
|
|
comuniqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
communicate |
|
|
|
concebir |
e-i
|
|
concib-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
conceive, imagine, think |
|
|
|
conceder |
|
|
conced- |
|
|
to
concede, grant, bestow, award |
|
|
|
concentrar |
|
|
concentr- |
|
|
to
concentrate |
|
|
|
concluir |
|
-yo
|
concluy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
conclude |
|
|
|
condenar |
|
|
conden- |
|
|
to
condemn |
|
|
|
condensar |
|
|
condens- |
|
|
to
condense |
|
|
|
conducir |
|
-zco
|
conduzc-
|
conduj-
|
|
to
drive, conduct |
|
|
|
conectar |
|
|
conect- |
|
|
to
connect |
|
|
|
confesar |
e-ie
|
|
confies-
|
|
|
to
confess |
|
|
|
confiar |
|
-ío
|
confí-
|
|
|
to
confide, trust, rely |
|
|
|
confirmar |
|
|
confirm- |
|
|
to
confirm |
|
|
|
confluir |
|
-yo
|
confluy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
flow together, meet, join together (stream) |
|
|
|
conformar |
|
|
conform- |
|
|
to
conform |
|
|
|
confortar |
|
|
confort- |
|
|
to
comfort |
|
|
|
confrontar |
|
|
confront- |
|
|
to
confront |
|
|
|
confundir |
|
|
confund- |
|
|
to
confuse, confound, mess things up royally |
|
|
|
congregar |
|
|
congregu-
|
1st
g-gu |
|
to
congregate |
|
|
|
conllevar |
|
|
conllev- |
|
|
to
help someone with hardships |
|
|
|
conocer |
|
-zco
|
conozc-
|
|
|
to
know, be familiar with |
|
|
|
conquistar |
|
|
conquist- |
|
|
to
conquer |
|
|
|
conseguir |
e-i
|
|
consig-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
acquire, get, come across, manage |
|
|
|
consentir |
e-ie
|
|
consient-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
consent |
|
|
|
conservar |
|
|
conserv- |
|
|
to
conserve, save, maintain in some condition |
|
|
|
considerar |
|
|
consider- |
|
|
to
consider |
|
|
|
consolar |
|
|
consol- |
|
|
to
console |
|
|
|
constipar |
|
|
constip- |
|
|
to
constipate |
|
|
|
constituir |
|
-yo
|
constituy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
constitute, form |
|
|
|
construir |
|
-yo
|
construy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
construct, build |
|
|
|
consultar |
|
|
consult- |
|
|
to
consult, counsel |
|
|
|
consumir |
|
|
consum- |
|
|
to
consume |
|
|
|
contaminar |
|
|
contamin- |
|
|
to
contaminate |
|
|
|
contar |
o-ue
|
|
cuent-
|
|
|
to
count, matter, give an account of, recount |
|
|
|
contemplar |
|
|
contempl- |
|
|
to
contemplate |
|
|
|
contener |
e-ie
|
-go
|
conteng-
|
contuv-
|
contendr-
|
to
contain |
|
|
|
contestar |
|
|
contest- |
|
|
to
answer, respond, reply |
|
|
|
continuar |
|
-úo
|
continú-
|
|
|
to
continue |
|
|
|
contradecir |
e-i
|
-go
|
contradig-
|
contradij-
|
|
to
contradict |
|
|
|
contraer |
|
-igo
|
contraig-
|
contraj-
|
|
to
contract |
|
|
|
contrariar |
|
-ío
|
contrarí-
|
|
|
to
oppose, thwart, run counter to |
|
|
|
contratar |
|
|
contrat- |
|
|
to
contract for, hire, engage |
|
|
|
contravenir |
e-ie
|
-go
|
contraveng-
|
contravin-
|
contravendr-
|
to
contravene |
|
|
|
contribuir |
|
-yo
|
contribuy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
contribute |
|
|
|
controlar |
|
|
control- |
|
|
to
control |
|
|
|
convencer |
|
-zo
|
convenz-
|
|
|
to
convince |
|
|
|
convenir |
e-ie
|
-go
|
conveng-
|
convin-
|
convendr-
|
to
convene |
|
|
|
conversar |
|
|
convers- |
|
|
to
converse, have a conversation |
|
|
|
convertir |
e-ie
|
|
conviert-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
convert, change, transform |
|
|
|
coordinar |
|
|
coordin- |
|
|
to
coordinate |
|
|
|
corregir |
e-i
|
-jo
|
corrij-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
correct |
|
|
|
correr |
|
|
corr- |
|
|
to
run, race, hasten, go fast |
|
|
|
cortar |
|
|
cort- |
|
|
to
cut |
|
|
|
costar |
o-ue
|
|
cuest-
|
|
|
to
cost |
|
|
|
crear |
|
|
cre- |
|
|
to
create |
|
|
|
crecer |
|
-zco
|
crezc-
|
|
|
to
grow |
|
|
|
creer |
|
|
cre- |
3rd
i-y |
|
to
believe |
|
|
|
criar |
|
-ío
|
crí-
|
|
|
to
create, nurse, raise, rear, breed |
|
|
|
criticar |
|
|
critiqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
criticize |
|
|
|
cruzar |
|
|
cruc-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
cross, traverse |
|
|
|
cubrir |
|
|
cubr- |
|
|
to
cover, put the lid on |
|
|
|
cuidar |
|
|
cuid- |
|
|
to
guard, take care of |
|
|
|
cumplir |
|
|
cumpl- |
|
|
to
complete, finish |
|
|
|
curar |
|
|
cur- |
|
|
to
cure, heal |
|
|
|
charlar |
|
|
charl- |
|
|
to
chat, talk |
|
|
|
chiflar |
|
|
chifl- |
|
|
to
whistle, hiss, scoff |
|
|
|
chillar |
|
|
chill- |
|
|
to
shriek, squeak, scream, shout, screech |
|
|
|
chirriar |
|
-ío
|
chirrí-
|
|
|
to
hiss, sizzle, chirp, screech, squeak |
|
|
|
chismear |
|
|
chisme- |
|
|
to
chat, gossip, prattle |
|
|
|
chocar |
|
|
choqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
collide, come into collision, bump together |
|
|
|
chupar |
|
|
chup- |
|
|
to
suck, draw |
|
|
|
dar |
|
-oy
|
d´-
|
di
|
|
to
give |
|
|
|
deber |
|
|
deb- |
|
|
to
owe, to ought to |
|
|
|
decidir |
|
|
decid- |
|
|
to
decide |
|
|
|
decir |
e-i
|
-go
|
dig-
|
dij-
|
dir-
|
to
say, tell |
|
|
|
declarar |
|
|
declar- |
|
|
to
declare |
|
|
|
decorar |
|
|
decor- |
|
|
to
decorate |
|
|
|
dedicar |
|
|
dediqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
dedicate |
|
|
|
deducir |
|
-zco
|
deduzc-
|
deduj-
|
|
to
deduce, deduct, infer |
|
|
|
defender |
e-ie
|
|
defiend-
|
|
|
to
defend |
|
|
|
definir |
|
|
defin- |
|
|
to
define |
|
|
|
defraudar |
|
|
defraud- |
|
|
to
defraud, cheat |
|
|
|
dejar |
|
|
dej- |
|
|
to
leave, let, leave alone, let stand |
|
|
|
delegar |
|
|
delegu-
|
1st
g-gu |
|
to
delegate |
|
|
|
deliverar |
|
|
deliver- |
|
|
to
deliver |
|
|
|
demandar |
|
|
demand- |
|
|
to
demand |
|
|
|
demostrar |
o-ue
|
|
demuestr-
|
|
|
to
demonstrate |
|
|
|
denunciar |
|
|
denunci- |
|
|
to
denounce |
|
|
|
depender |
|
|
depend- |
|
|
to
depend |
|
|
|
deponer |
|
-go
|
depong-
|
depus-
|
depondr-
|
to
depose |
|
|
|
deprimir |
|
|
deprim- |
|
|
to
depress |
|
|
|
derivar |
|
|
deriv- |
|
|
to
derive |
|
|
|
desafiar |
|
-ío
|
desafí-
|
|
|
to
challenge, dare, rival |
|
|
|
desaparecer |
|
-zco
|
desaparezc-
|
|
|
to
disappear |
|
|
|
desayunar |
|
|
desayun- |
|
|
to
eat breakfast |
|
|
|
descansar |
|
|
descans- |
|
|
to
rest |
|
|
|
descarriar |
|
-ío
|
descarrí-
|
|
|
to
mislead, lead astray, to go wrong |
|
|
|
descender |
e-ie
|
|
desciend-
|
|
|
to
descend |
|
|
|
descifrar |
|
|
descifr- |
|
|
to
decipher, decode, figure out |
|
|
|
descomponer |
|
-go
|
descompong-
|
descompus-
|
descompondr-
|
to
decompose |
|
|
|
desconfiar |
|
-ío
|
desconfí-
|
|
|
to
mistrust, distrust, lack confidence in |
|
|
|
desconocer |
|
-zco
|
desconozc-
|
|
|
to
ignore, be unacquainted with, disown, shun, no longer know
or be familiar with |
|
|
|
descontar |
o-ue
|
|
descuent-
|
|
|
to
discount |
|
|
|
describir |
|
|
describ- |
|
|
to
describe |
|
|
|
descubrir |
|
|
descubr- |
|
|
to
discover, uncover |
|
|
|
descuidar |
|
|
descuid- |
|
|
to
relieve from care |
|
|
|
desear |
|
|
dese- |
|
|
to
wish, desire |
|
|
|
desempeñar |
|
|
desempeñ- |
|
|
to
redeem, recover, unpawn |
|
|
|
desenchufar |
|
|
desenchuf
- |
|
|
to
unplug |
|
|
|
desengañar |
|
|
desengañ- |
|
|
to
disillusion, disabuse |
|
|
|
desfigurar |
|
|
desfigur- |
|
|
to
disfigure |
|
|
|
deshacer |
|
-go
|
deshag-
|
deshic-
|
deshar-
|
to
undo, dismantle |
|
|
|
deshumanizar |
|
|
deshumanic-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
dehumanize |
|
|
|
desilusionar |
|
|
desilusion- |
|
|
to
disillusion |
|
|
|
desintoxicar |
|
|
desintoxiqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
detoxify, detoxicate |
|
|
|
desmayar |
|
|
desmay- |
|
|
to
faint, lose heart |
|
|
|
desobstruir |
|
-yo
|
desobstruy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
unclog, unblock, unstop up |
|
|
|
desocupar |
|
|
desocup- |
|
|
to
vacate, leave empty |
|
|
|
desorientar |
|
|
desorient- |
|
|
to
disorient |
|
|
|
despedir |
e-i
|
|
despid-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
say goodbye, bid adieu, emit, discharge, set forth, dismiss,
give notice |
|
|
|
despertar |
e-ie
|
|
despiert-
|
|
|
to
awaken, wake up |
|
|
|
despreciar |
|
|
despreci- |
|
|
to
despise, condemn, look down on |
|
|
|
destacar |
|
|
destaqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
detach, deploy |
|
|
|
destruir |
|
-yo
|
destruy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
destroy |
|
|
|
desvestir |
e-i
|
|
desvist-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
undress |
|
|
|
desviar |
|
-ío
|
desví-
|
|
|
to
deviate, deflect, swerve, turn away |
|
|
|
detectar |
|
|
detect- |
|
|
to
detect |
|
|
|
detener |
e-ie
|
-go
|
deteng-
|
detuv-
|
detendr-
|
to
detain |
|
|
|
determinar |
|
|
determin- |
|
|
to
determine |
|
|
|
devorar |
|
|
devor- |
|
|
to
devour |
|
|
|
dibujar |
|
|
dibuj- |
|
|
to
draw |
|
|
|
dictar |
|
|
dict- |
|
|
to
dictate, pronounce, inspire, suggest |
|
|
|
dirigir |
|
-jo
|
dirij-
|
|
|
to
direct, lead, manage, govern |
|
|
|
disculpar |
|
|
disculp- |
|
|
to
excuse |
|
|
|
discutir |
|
|
discut- |
|
|
to
discuss |
|
|
|
disfrutar |
|
|
disfrut- |
|
|
to
enjoy, take enjoyment in |
|
|
|
disgustar |
|
|
disgust- |
|
|
to
disgust |
|
|
|
disminuir |
|
-yo
|
disminuy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
diminish, dwindle, decrease, lessen |
|
|
|
disolver |
o-ue
|
|
disuelv-
|
|
|
to
dissolve |
|
|
|
disparar |
|
|
dispar- |
|
|
to
shoot, discharge, fire |
|
|
|
disponer |
|
-go
|
dispong-
|
dispus-
|
dispondr-
|
to
dispose, arrange |
|
|
|
disputar |
|
|
disput- |
|
|
to
dispute |
|
|
|
distinguir |
|
|
disting- |
|
|
to
distinguish |
|
|
|
distraer |
|
-igo
|
distraig-
|
distraj-
|
|
to
distract |
|
|
|
distribuir |
|
-yo
|
distribuy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
distribute |
|
|
|
disuadir |
|
|
disuad- |
|
|
to
dissuade |
|
|
|
diversificar |
|
|
diversifiqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
diversify |
|
|
|
divertirse |
e-ie
|
|
diviert-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
have fun, have a good time |
|
|
|
dividir |
|
|
divid- |
|
|
to
divide |
|
|
|
divorciar |
|
|
divorci- |
|
|
to
divorce |
|
|
|
doblar |
|
|
dobl- |
|
|
to
double, fold, bend |
|
|
|
doler |
o-ue
|
|
duel-
|
|
|
to
hurt, be in pain |
|
|
|
dormir |
o-ue
|
|
duerm-
|
3rd
o-u |
|
to
sleep |
|
|
|
duchar |
|
|
duch- |
|
|
to
shower |
|
|
|
dudar |
|
|
dud- |
|
|
to
doubt |
|
|
|
echar |
|
|
ech- |
|
|
to
put in, throw, cast, fling, put |
|
|
|
educar |
|
|
eduqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
educate, teach |
|
|
|
ejecutar |
|
|
ejecut- |
|
|
to
execute, carry out |
|
|
|
ejercer |
|
-zo
|
ejerz-
|
|
|
to
exercise, perform, discharge |
|
|
|
elegir |
e-i
|
-jo
|
elij-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
elect, select, choose |
|
|
|
elevar |
|
|
elev- |
|
|
to
elevate |
|
|
|
eliminar |
|
|
elimin- |
|
|
to
eliminate, exclude, remove |
|
|
|
embarazar |
|
|
embarac-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
make pregnant |
|
|
|
emborrachar |
|
|
emborrach- |
|
|
to
make drunk, intoxicate |
|
|
|
emitir |
|
|
emit- |
|
|
to
emit |
|
|
|
empeorar |
|
|
empeor- |
|
|
to
worsen, make worse, deteriorate |
|
|
|
empezar |
e-ie
|
|
empiec-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
start, begin |
|
|
|
emplear |
|
|
emple- |
|
|
to
employ, use, hire |
|
|
|
enamorarse |
|
|
enamor- |
|
|
to
fall in love, enamor |
|
|
|
encantar |
|
|
encant- |
|
|
to
enchant, be enchanting |
|
|
|
encarcelar |
|
|
encarcel- |
|
|
to
imprison, put in jail |
|
|
|
encargar |
|
|
encargu-
|
1st
g-gu |
|
to
entrust, put in charge of |
|
|
|
encerrar |
e-ie
|
|
encierr-
|
|
|
to
shut in, lock up, close in, confine |
|
|
|
encontrar |
o-ue
|
|
encuentr-
|
|
|
to
encounter, meet, find |
|
|
|
enchilar |
|
|
enchil- |
|
|
to
chilify, burn with chiles |
|
|
|
enfadar |
|
|
enfad- |
|
|
to
annoy, displease, anger |
|
|
|
enfatizar |
|
|
enfatic-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
emphasize |
|
|
|
enfermarse |
|
|
enferm- |
|
|
to
get sick, become ill |
|
|
|
enflacar |
|
|
enflaqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
get thin, lose weight |
|
|
|
enfocar |
|
|
enfoqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
focus, concentrate |
|
|
|
enfriar |
|
-ío
|
enfrí-
|
|
|
to
cool, make cool, get chilled |
|
|
|
engañar |
|
|
engañ- |
|
|
to
deceive, cheat |
|
|
|
engendrar |
|
|
engendr- |
|
|
to
engender |
|
|
|
engordar |
|
|
engord- |
|
|
to
get fat, gain weight |
|
|
|
enloquecer |
|
-zco
|
enloquezc-
|
|
|
to
drive crazy, madden, drive insane, distract |
|
|
|
enojar |
|
|
enoj- |
|
|
to
anger, make mad, madden |
|
|
|
enriquecer |
|
-zco
|
enriquezc-
|
|
|
to
enrich, grow rich, become rich |
|
|
|
enseñar |
|
|
enseñ- |
|
|
to
show, teach |
|
|
|
ensuciar |
|
|
ensuci- |
|
|
to
soil, get dirty, stain, pollute |
|
|
|
entender |
e-ie
|
|
entiend-
|
|
|
to
understand |
|
|
|
entrar |
|
|
entr- |
|
|
to
enter, go in |
|
|
|
entregar |
|
|
entregu-
|
1st
g-gu |
|
to
return, give back, turn in |
|
|
|
entretener |
e-ie
|
-go
|
entreteng-
|
entretuv-
|
entretendr-
|
to
entertain |
|
|
|
entrevenir |
e-ie
|
-go
|
entreveng-
|
entrevin-
|
entrevendr-
|
to
intervene |
|
|
|
entrevistar |
|
|
entrevist- |
|
|
to
interview |
|
|
|
enumerar |
|
|
enumer- |
|
|
to
enumerate, number |
|
|
|
envejecer |
|
-zco
|
envejezc-
|
|
|
to
age, grow old |
|
|
|
enviar |
|
-ío
|
envi- |
|
|
to
send |
|
|
|
envidiar |
|
|
envidi- |
|
|
to
envy |
|
|
|
envolver |
o-ue
|
|
envuelv-
|
|
|
to
cover, envelope, wrap up |
|
|
|
escapar |
|
|
escap- |
|
|
to
escape |
|
|
|
escoger |
|
-jo
|
escoj-
|
|
|
to
choose, pick, vote |
|
|
|
escoltar |
|
|
escolt- |
|
|
to
escort |
|
|
|
esconder |
|
|
escond- |
|
|
to
hide |
|
|
|
escribir |
|
|
escrib- |
|
|
to
write |
|
|
|
escuchar |
|
|
escuch- |
|
|
to
listen, hear |
|
|
|
escupir |
|
|
escup- |
|
|
to
spit |
|
|
|
especializar |
|
|
especialic-
|
1st
z -c |
|
to
specialize |
|
|
|
especificar |
|
|
especifiqu-
|
1st
c -qu |
|
to
specify |
|
|
|
esperar |
|
|
esper- |
|
|
to
wait, hope, be pregnant |
|
|
|
espiar |
|
-ío
|
espí-
|
|
|
to
spy, spy on |
|
|
|
esquiar |
|
-ío
|
esquí-
|
|
|
to
ski |
|
|
|
establecer |
|
-zco
|
establezc-
|
|
|
to
establish |
|
|
|
estar |
|
-oy
|
est´-
|
estuv-
|
|
to
be |
|
|
|
esterilizar |
|
|
esterilic-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
sterilize |
|
|
|
estipular |
|
|
estipul- |
|
|
to
stipulate |
|
|
|
estornudar |
|
|
estornud- |
|
|
to
sneeze |
|
|
|
estudiar |
|
|
estudi- |
|
|
to
study |
|
|
|
evacuar |
|
-úo
|
evacú-
|
|
|
to
evacuate, empty, vacate |
|
|
|
evaluar |
|
-úo
|
evalú-
|
|
|
to
evaluate |
|
|
|
evitar |
|
|
evit- |
|
|
to
avoid, evade |
|
|
|
exagerar |
|
|
exager- |
|
|
to
exaggerate |
|
|
|
exaltar |
|
|
exalt- |
|
|
to
exalt |
|
|
|
examinar |
|
|
examin- |
|
|
to
examine, test |
|
|
|
exceder |
|
|
exced- |
|
|
to
exceed |
|
|
|
excluir |
|
-yo
|
excluy-
|
3rd
i -y |
|
to
exclude, bar, debar |
|
|
|
excusar |
|
|
excus- |
|
|
to
excuse |
|
|
|
exhalar |
|
|
exhal- |
|
|
to
exhale |
|
|
|
exhibir |
|
|
exhib- |
|
|
to
exhibit |
|
|
|
exigir |
|
-jo
|
exij-
|
|
|
to
expect, demand |
|
|
|
existir |
|
|
exist- |
|
|
to
exist |
|
|
|
expatriar |
|
-ío
|
expatrí-
|
|
|
to
expatriate, leave one's country |
|
|
|
explicar |
|
|
expliqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
explain |
|
|
|
exponer |
|
-go
|
expong-
|
expus-
|
expondr-
|
to
expose |
|
|
|
expresar |
|
|
expres- |
|
|
to
express |
|
|
|
expulsar |
|
|
expuls- |
|
|
to
expel, eject, drive out |
|
|
|
extender |
e-ie
|
|
extiend-
|
|
|
to
extend, stretch, stretch out |
|
|
|
extinguir |
gu-g |
-go
|
exting-
|
|
|
to
extinguish |
|
|
|
extirpar |
|
|
extirp- |
|
|
to
extirpate |
|
|
|
extraer |
|
-igo
|
extraig-
|
extraj-
|
|
to
extract |
|
|
|
fabricar |
|
|
fabriqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
fabricate |
|
|
|
facilitar |
|
|
facilit- |
|
|
to
facilitate |
|
|
|
falsificar |
|
|
fasifiqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
falsify |
|
|
|
faltar |
|
|
falt- |
|
|
to
lack, miss, be missing |
|
|
|
fallar |
|
|
fall- |
|
|
to
fail, miss, be deficient |
|
|
|
fascinar |
|
|
fascin- |
|
|
to
fascinate, bewitch |
|
|
|
fastidiar |
|
|
fastidi- |
|
|
to
bug, annoy, bother |
|
|
|
fatigar |
|
|
fatigu-
|
1st
g-gu |
|
to
fatigue, wear out, tire out |
|
|
|
fecundar |
|
|
fecund- |
|
|
to
fecundate, fertilize |
|
|
|
fiar |
|
-ío
|
fí-
|
|
|
to
answer for, bail, entrust, confide |
|
|
|
fijar |
|
|
fij- |
|
|
to
fix, focus |
|
|
|
finalizar |
|
|
finalic-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
finalize |
|
|
|
fingir |
|
-jo
|
finj-
|
|
|
to
feign, fake |
|
|
|
firmar |
|
|
firm- |
|
|
to
sign |
|
|
|
florecer |
|
-zco
|
florezc-
|
|
|
to
flower, bloom, blossom |
|
|
|
fluir |
|
-yo
|
fluy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
flow (words, liquid) |
|
|
|
formar |
|
|
form- |
|
|
to
form |
|
|
|
formular |
|
|
formul- |
|
|
to
formulate |
|
|
|
forzar |
o-ue
|
|
fuerc-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
force |
|
|
|
fotografiar |
|
-ío
|
fotografí-
|
|
|
to
photograph, take pictures |
|
|
|
fracturar |
|
|
fractur- |
|
|
to
fracture |
|
|
|
frustrar |
|
|
frustr- |
|
|
to
frustrate |
|
|
|
fumar |
|
|
fum- |
|
|
to
smoke |
|
|
|
funcionar |
|
|
funcion- |
|
|
to
work, function |
|
|
|
fundar |
|
|
fund- |
|
|
to
found |
|
|
|
fusilar |
|
|
fusil- |
|
|
to
shoot |
|
|
|
ganar |
|
|
gan- |
|
|
to
win, earn, gain |
|
|
|
garantizar |
|
|
garantic-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
guarantee |
|
|
|
gastar |
|
|
gast- |
|
|
to
spend (money) |
|
|
|
gobernar |
e-ie
|
|
gobiern-
|
|
|
to
govern |
|
|
|
golpear |
|
|
golpe- |
|
|
to
hit, strike, bump |
|
|
|
gozar |
|
|
goc-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
enjoy |
|
|
|
grabar |
|
|
grab- |
|
|
to
record |
|
|
|
graduar |
|
-úo
|
gradú-
|
|
|
to
graduate |
|
|
|
gritar |
|
|
grit- |
|
|
to
scream, shout, yell |
|
|
|
gruñir |
|
|
gruñ- |
|
|
to
grunt, growl |
|
|
|
guiar |
|
-ío
|
guí-
|
|
|
to
guide, lead |
|
|
|
gustar |
|
|
gust- |
|
|
to
please, be pleasing |
|
|
|
haber |
|
he
|
hay-
|
hub-
|
habr-
|
to
have [] |
|
|
|
hablar |
|
|
habl- |
|
|
to
speak, talk |
|
|
|
hacer |
|
-go
|
hag-
|
hic-
|
har-
|
to
make, do |
|
|
|
hallar |
|
|
hall- |
|
|
to
find |
|
|
|
heredar |
|
|
hered- |
|
|
to
inherit |
|
|
|
hervir |
e-ie
|
|
hierv-
|
3rd
e -i |
|
to
boil |
|
|
|
hinchar |
|
|
hinch- |
|
|
to
swell up, become swollen |
|
|
|
historiar |
|
-ío
|
historí-
|
|
|
to
depict (history), write down a history |
|
|
|
honrar |
|
|
honr- |
|
|
to
honor |
|
|
|
hospitalizar |
|
|
hospitalic-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
hospitalize |
|
|
|
huir |
|
-yo
|
huy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
flee, run away |
|
|
|
identificar |
|
|
identifiqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
identify |
|
|
|
ignorar |
|
|
ignor- |
|
|
to
ignore |
|
|
|
ilegalizar |
|
|
ilegalic-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
make illegal |
|
|
|
imaginar |
|
|
imagin- |
|
|
to
imagine |
|
|
|
imitar |
|
|
imit- |
|
|
to
imitate |
|
|
|
impedir |
e-i
|
|
impid-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
impede |
|
|
|
implantar |
|
|
implant- |
|
|
to
implant |
|
|
|
implementar |
|
|
implement- |
|
|
to
implement |
|
|
|
implicar |
|
|
impliqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
implicate, involve, entangle |
|
|
|
imponer |
|
-go
|
impong-
|
impus-
|
impondr-
|
to
impose |
|
|
|
importar |
|
|
import- |
|
|
to
import, to be important |
|
|
|
impresionar |
|
|
impresion- |
|
|
to
impress, affect, influence |
|
|
|
imprimir |
|
|
imprim- |
|
|
to
print |
|
|
|
incapacitar |
|
|
incapacit- |
|
|
to
incapacitate |
|
|
|
incluir |
|
-yo
|
incluy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
include |
|
|
|
incorporar |
|
|
incorpor- |
|
|
to
incorporate |
|
|
|
incrementar |
|
|
increment- |
|
|
to
increment |
|
|
|
incurrir |
|
|
incurr- |
|
|
to
incur |
|
|
|
indicar |
|
|
indiqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
indicate, point, point out |
|
|
|
inducir |
|
-zco
|
induzc-
|
induj-
|
|
to
induce, persuade, instigate |
|
|
|
industrializar |
|
|
industrialic-
|
1st
z -c |
|
to
industrialize |
|
|
|
infectar |
|
|
infect- |
|
|
to
infect |
|
|
|
inferir |
e-ie
|
|
infier-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
infer |
|
|
|
inflamar |
|
|
inflam- |
|
|
to
inflame |
|
|
|
infligir |
|
-jo
|
inflij-
|
|
|
to
inflict |
|
|
|
influir |
|
-yo
|
influy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
influence, act on |
|
|
|
informar |
|
|
inform- |
|
|
to
inform |
|
|
|
ingresar |
|
|
ingres- |
|
|
to
enter, join a group, become a member |
|
|
|
iniciar |
|
|
inici- |
|
|
to
initiate |
|
|
|
inscribir |
|
|
inscrib- |
|
|
to
inscribe |
|
|
|
insinuar |
|
-úo
|
insinú-
|
|
|
to
insinuate |
|
|
|
insistir |
|
|
insist- |
|
|
to
insist |
|
|
|
inspeccionar |
|
|
inspeccion- |
|
|
to
inspect, examine, survey, oversee |
|
|
|
inspirar |
|
|
inspir- |
|
|
to
inspire |
|
|
|
instituir |
|
-yo
|
instituy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
institute, found, establish |
|
|
|
instruir |
|
-yo
|
instruy-
|
3rd
i-y |
|
to
instruct, teach, train, educate |
|
|
|
insultar |
|
|
insult- |
|
|
to
insult |
|
|
|
intentar |
|
|
intent- |
|
|
to
intend |
|
|
|
intercambiar |
|
|
intercambi- |
|
|
to
interchange, exchange |
|
|
|
interesar |
|
|
interes- |
|
|
to
interest |
|
|
|
interpretar |
|
|
interpret- |
|
|
to
interpret |
|
|
|
intervenir |
e-ie
|
-go
|
interveng-
|
intervin-
|
intervendr-
|
to
intervene |
|
|
|
interrogar |
o-ue
|
|
interruegu-
|
1st
g-gu |
|
to
interrogate, question |
|
|
|
interrumpir |
|
|
interrump- |
|
|
to
interrupt |
|
|
|
introducir |
|
-zco
|
introduzc-
|
introduj-
|
|
to
introduce |
|
|
|
invadir |
|
|
invad- |
|
|
to
invade |
|
|
|
inventar |
|
|
invent- |
|
|
to
invent |
|
|
|
inventariar |
|
-ío
|
inventarí-
|
|
|
to
inventory |
|
|
|
invertir |
e-ie
|
|
inviert-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
invest |
|
|
|
investigar |
|
|
investigu-
|
1st
g-gu |
|
to
investigate, search, research |
|
|
|
invitar |
|
|
invit- |
|
|
to
invite |
|
|
|
inyectar |
|
|
inyect- |
|
|
to
inject |
|
|
|
ir |
|
-oy
|
vay-
|
fui
|
|
to
go |
|
|
|
irritar |
|
|
irrit- |
|
|
to
irritate |
|
|
|
jalar |
|
|
jal- |
|
|
to
pull, draw, drag |
|
|
|
jubilarse |
|
|
jubil- |
|
|
to
retire |
|
|
|
jugar |
u-ue
|
|
juegu-
|
1st
g-gu |
|
to
play (games, sports) |
|
|
|
juntar |
|
|
junt- |
|
|
to
join, bring together, gather |
|
|
|
jurar |
|
|
jur- |
|
|
to
swear, take an oath |
|
|
|
justificar |
|
|
justifiqu-
|
1st
c-qu |
|
to
justify |
|
|
|
juzgar |
|
|
juzgu-
|
1st
g-gu |
|
to
judge |
|
|
|
ladrar |
|
|
ladr- |
|
|
to
bark, howl |
|
|
|
lastimar |
|
|
lastim- |
|
|
to
injure, hurt, wound |
|
|
|
lavar |
|
|
lav- |
|
|
to
wash |
|
|
|
leer |
|
|
le- |
3rd
i-y |
|
to
read |
|
|
|
legalizar |
|
|
legalic-
|
1st
z-c |
|
to
legalize |
|
|
|
levantar |
|
|
levant- |
|
|
to
lift, pick up, raise |
|
|
|
liar |
|
-ío
|
lí-
|
|
|
to
tie, bind, tie up, wrap up |
|
| |
To
learn new vocabulary.